TY4007 Eco-Friendly Dyes, Chemicals and Processing Syllabus:
TY4007 Eco-Friendly Dyes, Chemicals and Processing Syllabus – Anna University PG Syllabus Regulation 2021
OBJECTIVES:
To impart knowledge about the environmental and ecological aspects of various chemicals, dyes and auxiliaries used in processing.
To make the students aware of the alternative chemicals and dyes that can replace the harmful chemicals.
To update the students on the various rules, regulation that governs the textile processing industry.
UNIT I IMPACT OF TEXTILE PROCESS CHEMICALS ON ECOLOGY
Pollution – definition – Types – Impact of pollution on environment- Pollution capability of chemicals and products used in processing – pollution load at every stages of processing – Pollution associated with various colouration process – Need for eco-friendly processing- Important issues in exports- Red listed chemicals – Possible sources of contamination of various red listed chemicals German Laws – Ban on amines and Azo dyes-List of banned amines and chemicals.
UNIT II ECO STANDARDS
Need for Eco – standards. Eco standards – European & USA. Permissible limits (norms) of chemicals, pH, colour fastness and heavy metals by different eco-standards such as MST, OEKOTEX, CLEANFASHION, STEILMANN & – Eco-labeling and labels – Eco- auditing – Ecomanagement – ISO 14000 – SA 8000 – Natural Textiles – Organic Cotton – GOTS & organic exchange certification –APEO , NPEO & OPEO Limitations
UNIT III ECO TESTING
Toxic substances used in processing and safe alternatives- Principles and procedures involved in the estimation of pH, pesticides, Residual formaldehyde, carcinogenic dyes, chlorinated phenols, phthalates, organo tin and heavy metals, – Consequences of presence of above compounds in Textiles – permissible limits – eco testing of antimicrobial finish with triclosan.
UNIT IV ECO FRIENDLY PROCESSING
Eco-friendly dyeing of sulphur dyes- Eco-friendly per-acetic acid bleaching – Eco friendly pigment printing & discharge Printing. Organic stabilizer– Application of Diazo sensitizer in screen preparation– Application of Eco-friendly preservatives– Non PVC, Non Phthalate, Plastizol inks, Formaldehyde free dye fixing agents. Enzymes and their role. Application of Enzymes in Desizing, Scouring & Peroxide killing on cotton material, Degumming of silk – Application of Enzymes in finishing – eco friendly crease recovery finish, stone wash effect by Bio-polishing
UNIT V CLEAN TECHNOLOGIES FOR FUTURE
Clean technology – Sustainable development – Ozone bleaching, RF drying, Microwave assisted dyeing, Ultrasonic assisted processing, Supercritical CO2 dyeing, importance of energy & water conservation – Energy audit – Basics & application scope of Nano technology in textiles – Occupational diseases & safety measures in Textile units.
TOTAL: 45PERIODS
OUTCOME:
Upon completion of this course the student shall have knowledge on
The ecology associated with textile processing.
The eco standards.
The eco testing relevant to textile materials.
The eco friendly textile wet processing.
The auditing and safety measures related to effluents in textile industry.
REFERENCES:
1. Chavan R.B., Radhakrishnan J., Environmental Issues – Technology Options for Textile Industry, IIT Delhi Publication,1998
2. Reife A and Freeman H.S., Environmental Chemistry of dyes and pigments, Wiley,2001,ISBN:0471589276
3. Asokan R.,Eco-Friendly Textile Wet Processing, NCUTE Publications, NewDelhi,2001
4. Eco friendly Textiles: Challenges to the Textile Industry, Textiles Committee, Mumbai,1996.