TX4101 Theory of Short Staple Spinning Syllabus:
TX4101 Theory of Short Staple Spinning Syllabus – Anna University PG Syllabus Regulation 2021
COURSE OBJECTIVES:
To enable the students to learn the theory of various operations carried out at different stages of yarn spinning, which would be helpful them in understanding the influence of various parameters on quality and productivity of short staple yarn.
UNIT I FIBRE DISPERSION AND CLEANING
Necessity of fibre-individualization; fibre opening and cleaning in blow-room machinery; forces acting on the fibre during carding operation; the mechanism of fibre dispersion, fibre transfer, short fibre removal and trash removal; entanglement and disentanglement of fibres; the new approaches to improve fibre-dispersion in carding operation; mechanism of removal of short fibre and trash in comber.
UNIT II FIBRE STRAIGHTENING, NEPS REMOVAL
Theory of hook formation; measurement of fibre extent, influence of fibre extent on yarn quality; improvement of fibre-extent by carding, drafting and combing actions; generation of neps, neps removal in carding and combing
UNIT III ATTENUATION
Principle of roller drafting and its application in yarn production; ideal drafting; factors affecting drafting force, fibre dynamics during drafting, drafting irregularities and their causes and remedies; amount of draft and draft distribution on strand irregularity; the function of aprons in roller drafting; limitation of apron-drafting and the scope for improvement; mechanism of wire- point drafting and its application in yarn production; merits and demerits of wire-point drafting; comparison of wirepoint drafting with roller drafting
UNIT IV TWISTING
Twisted yarn geometry, forces acting on fibre and yarn during twisting, effect of fibre helix angle on strength, parameters affecting optimum twist level; balloon and spinning triangle formation and their effects on yarn quality and productivity; fundamental requirement to create real twist in a strand, mechanism of twisting principles in ring spinning, separation of twisting and winding actions of yarn; ply twisting, twist balance; modified twisting principles – open end twisting, false twisting, air-jet twisting, air-vortex twisting, up-twisting, two-for-one twisting, hollow-spindle twisting; merits and demerits of modern twisting system.
UNIT V FIBRE BLENDING AND LEVELLING
Importance of achieving homogeneous blending in fibre-mix; types of mixing during spinning preparatory process; lateral and longitudinal fibre blending; analysis of fibre blend index values; process parameters of spinning machinery for processing blended material; influence of intermediate product uniformity on yarn uniformity; different methods of levelling adopted during spinning processes.
TOTAL: 60 PERIODS
COURSE OUTCOMES:
Upon completion of this course, the student shall have the knowledge on
CO1: Theory of opening and cleaning in spinning preparatory machinery
CO2: Theory of generation of hooks, neps and rectification
CO3: Wire and roller drafting, technology involved, their limitations and scope for improvement
CO4: Theory of twisting in different systems of yarn spinning
CO5: Fibre blending and leveling carried out at different stages of yarn production process
REFERENCES:
1. Klein W., “The Rieter Manual of Spinning, Vol.1”, Rieter Machine Works Ltd., Winterthur, 2014, ISBN 10 3-9523173-1-4 / ISBN 13 978-3-9523173-1-0.
2. Klein W., “The Rieter Manual of Spinning, Vol.2”, Rieter Machine Works Ltd., Winterthur, 2014, ISBN 10 3-9523173-2-2 / ISBN 13 978-3-9523173-2-7.
3. Klein W., “The Rieter Manual of Spinning, Vol.1-3”, Rieter Machine Works Ltd., Winterthur, 2014, ISBN 10 3-9523173-3-0 / ISBN 13 978-3-9523173-3-4.
4. Lord P.R., “Yarn Production: Science, Technology and Economics”, The Textile Institute, Manchester, 1999.
5. Iredale John A., “Yarn Preparation: A Handbook”, Intermediate Technology, London, 1992, ISBN:1853390429.
6. Salhotra K.R. and Chattopadhyay R., “Book of papers on Blow room, Card”, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, 1998.
7. haw J., “Short-staple Ring Spinning”, Textile Progress, The Textile Institute, Manchester, 1982
8. Grosberg P. and Iype C, “Yarn Production: Theoretical Aspects”, Textile Institute, 1999, ISBN: 1870372034.
9. Carl A. Lawrence., “Fundamentals of Spun Yarn Technology”, CRC press, 2003, ISBN 1- 56676-821-7
10. Eric Oxtoby, “Spun Yarn Technology “, Butterworth, Boston, London, 1987, ISBN: 0408014644/9780408014649